SISTEMI ZА ZАŠTITU PJЕŠАKА/PEDESTRIAN PROTECTION SYSTEMS

Abstract

Pedestrians are the most vulnerable group of participants in traffic, who, in collision with motor vehicles, most often suffer severe bodily injuries, and sometimes even fatal. The contemporary automobile industry makes great efforts to develop active and passive protection systems for all participants in traffic, including pedestrians. Protection of pedestrians is attempted to be achieved by modifying shapes of front parts of vehicles, as well as by using plastic materials with higher deformation potential that would, when impacting the body of a pedestrian, expend most of the impact energy on their energy on its deformation and by that spare the gentle biological tissue of pedestrians in the maximum possible way. Instead of protruding, rigid metal structures of insignificant elasticity and potential for deformation, cars today have suitable shaped bodies, have highly elastic material with contact surfaces are capable of high deformity, specially shaped and integrated fenders, elastic and raised motor bonnets, headlights integrated into the contour of the front end of the vehicle, capable to absorb a part of impact energy, as well as other details. Contemporary researches show some efficiency of these improvements on modern cars. Most of these studies is experimental in strictly controlled conditions, on mannequins, often ordered and financed by rich automobile corporations, while there is less research in real conditions in the field. Lately there are experiments with testing active bonnets and models of gluing pedestrian’s body.