ANALIZA MOGUĆNOSTI SNABDIJEVANJA KANTONALNE BOLNICE U TRAVNIKU MEDICINSKIM KISEONIKOM IZ AUTONOMNOG POSTROJENJA / OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS OF LOCALIZED MEDICAL OXIGEN SUPPLY SYSTEM OF COUNTY HOSPITAL TRAVNIK

Abstract

Oxygen takes special place in medical gases category as being primary gas having wide range of use in patient treatment. Even Swedish pharmacist Scheele did not anticipate how potentially useful this gas can be in future development of medicine and technology. Oxygen’s atomic number is 8; atomic mass is 16 and atomicity equal to -2. At standard conditions (STP = 101325 Pa;273,15K) is in gaseous state with density equal to 1,429 kg/Nm3 thereby one qubic metar atmospheric air contains 210 liters of oxygen. Most of the production of pure oxygen uses air as raw material. Oxygen can be produced by thermic dessolving of metal oxyde or heating oxygen rich salts i.e. chlorates, bichromates, bromates Industrial production of oxygen until the 80s was based on fractional distillation of liquefied air which is bulit on difference of hight betweene boiling points of nitrogen (- 196o C) and oxygen (-183o C). This process had to be repeated several times in order for the righ purity level to be achieved. For the achievement of high purity rates the process of electrolysis of water was used where gaseous oxygen forms at anode. Because of the high costs of production, this process is used only when hydrogen is also produced or when the cost of electricity is low. At the end of the 20th century , the use of molecular sieves has increased, particulary in gas production. Medical oxygen is stored in two ways: liquid storage and compressed gas storage. It is also widely used in prevention and treatemnet of various types of dieses such as acute asthma, acute heart failure, antidote in carbon monoxide poisoning, etc. Every hospital in the world has their own oxygen supply system. The system can be centralized or local.