ELEKTROMOBILNOST U FUNKCIJI RAZVOJA ODRŽIVE URBANE MOBILNOSTI/ ELECTROMOBILITY IN THE FUNCTION OF DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY

Abstract

Accelerated urbanization and the continuous growth of motorization in modern cities impose the need for a fundamental transformation of the transport sector, which represents one of the dominant sources of greenhouse gas emissions and local air pollutants. In the context of climate change, energy insecurity, and instability in energy markets, electromobility is emerging as a strategic response to the sustainability challenges of urban transport systems. This paper analyzes the role of electromobility in enhancing the sustainability of urban transport, with a particular focus on the transport, environmental, and economic aspects of its integration. Global trends are examined, including the European Union's decarbonization policies, the development of battery technologies, and the impact of disruptions in the supply chains of critical raw materials. Through a comparative analysis of the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina and selected countries in the region, as well as a case study of China as a global leader, key challenges and opportunities for the systemic implementation of electromobility are identified. The results indicate the necessity of developing a national electromobility strategy, integration with Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans, expansion of charging infrastructure, and connection with renewable energy sources. It is concluded that electromobility, supported by a systemic approach and institutional backing, represents a key element in the transformation of urban transport toward a more sustainable, low-carbon model.