KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA MANUELNIH I AUTOMATSKIH METODA PRIKUPLJANJA PODATAKA O SAOBRAĆAJNIM TOKOVIMA / COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MANUAL AND AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC FLOW DATA COLLECTION METHODS

Abstract

The collection of data regarding the volume and structure of traffic flows represents a fundamental segment of the documentation base for adequate traffic planning and the implementation of effective traffic policies. This paper analyzes the developmental stages and methodologies of traffic counting, focusing on the transition from traditional manual methods to contemporary automatic and intelligent detection systems. The paper provides a detailed classification of counting methods into manual, automatic (portable and stationary), and innovative approaches based on computer vision and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones). Technical aspects of key detectors, such as inductive loops, microwave radars, pneumatic, and magnetic counters, are analyzed, highlighting their advantages and limitations under real-world operational conditions. Special consideration is given to the significance of this data in identifying critical points from a traffic safety perspective, investment planning, and the optimization of existing infrastructure. Concluding remarks point to the high economic justification for installing automatic counters, the benefits of which are reflected in indirect savings through rational infrastructure management, environmental sustainability, and, most importantly, the preservation of human lives through the prevention of traffic accidents.