BIOINŽINJERSKE TEHNOLOGIJE U FUNKCIJI REMEDIJACIJE KONTAMINIRANOG ZEMLJIŠTA U AKCIDENTNIM SITUACIJAMA /BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES IN FUNCTION REMEDIATE CONTAMINATED SOIL AND ACCIDENTS SITUATIONS

Abstract

Bioindicators show the real way to manage sites on which confirmed the presence of dangerous pollutants, especially in emergency situations. Indicator to monitor the progress in the management of endangered sites by monitoring major hazardous pollutants that affect the quality of soil and groundwater through the implementation of process improvement and remediation. Contamination of soil is the result of of excessive release of hazardous substances and their "mixing" with the substances that are naturally present in soil. Bioremediation is basically a process which represents the ability of microorganisms to decompose different dangerous contaminants, and it has an increasingly key role in detoxification of contaminated soil and groundwater. These processes are getting their place owing to capacity of enzyme metabolism of microorganisms to transform organic contaminants into pollutants and less dangerous compounds. But, we shouldn’t forget that this method cannot always be applied. Among the available options for purification of contaminated soils, bioremediation is the best because it is less disturbing to environment and from the economic point of view-it costs less. Soil contamination occurs as a result of excessive discharge of hazardous substances and their "mixing" with substances that are naturally present in the soil. Disposal of waste to inadequately equipped landfills poses a potential threat to pollution of environment. Waste dumps can impair the quality of surrounding land, surface and underground water. Waste landfills can impair the quality of the surrounding land, surface and ground water for a longer period of time