ELEKTRANE NA BIOGAS PARADIGMA POGONA ZA OBNOVLJIVE IZVORE ENERGIJE / POWER PLANTS ON BIOGAS PARADIGM FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Abstract

Biomass in Serbia primarily represents plant residues from plant, fruit and vine production. Biogas is a mixture of gases resulting from the decomposition of organic matter under oxygen-free conditions (anaerobic conditions). It can say that the process is almost identical to what is happening in the desire. The calorific value of biogas ranges from 4.5 to 6.5 kWh / m3. It is estimated that the total quantity of 12.5 million tons of biomass in Serbia is estimated each year, of which 9 million tons in Vojvodina (72%). One way to produce biogas under controlled conditions is to build a biogas plant. The main technological units of the biogas plant are a part of the production of biogas and a part for the production of electricity and heat. Biogas production is carried out in large hermetically sealed reservoirs called digesters. The length of the gas generation process depends on the selected technology and usually takes from 30 to 60 days. Of course, as the period is longer, the amount of biogas is higher, but the price of such plants is increasing due to the construction of a larger or additional digester. The biogas obtained in this way can be used to start a gas engine, which again starts the generator and thus receives electrical and thermal energy.